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Bound by semanticity: universal laws governing the generalization-identification tradeoff
Marco Nurisso, Jesseba Fernando, Raj Deshpande, Alan Perotti, Raja Marjieh, Steven M. Frankland, Richard L. Lewis, Taylor W. Webb, Declan Campbell, Francesco Vaccarino, Jonathan D. Cohen, Giovanni Petri
arXiv·2025
Intelligent systems must deploy internal representations that are simultaneously structured -- to support broad generalization -- and selective -- to preserve input identity. We expose a fundamental limit on this tradeoff. For any model whose representational similarity between inputs decays with finite semantic resolution $\varepsilon$, we derive closed-form expressions that pin its probability of correct generalization $p_S$ and identification $p_I$ to a universal Pareto front independent of input space geometry. Extending the analysis to noisy, heterogeneous spaces and to $n>2$ inputs predicts a sharp $1/n$ collapse of multi-input processing capacity and a non-monotonic optimum for $p_S$. A minimal ReLU network trained end-to-end reproduces these laws: during learning a resolution boundary self-organizes and empirical $(p_S,p_I)$ trajectories closely follow theoretical curves for linearly decaying similarity. Finally, we demonstrate that the same limits persist in two markedly more complex settings -- a convolutional neural network and state-of-the-art vision-language models -- confirming that finite-resolution similarity is a fundamental emergent informational constraint, not merely a toy-model artifact. Together, these results provide an exact theory of the generalization-identification trade-off and clarify how semantic resolution shapes the representational capacity of deep networks and brains alike.
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View paper →Maturation of an Antibody Response Is Governed by Modulations in Flexibility of the Antigen-Combining Site
Venkatasamy Manivel, Naresh C Sahoo, Dinakar M Salunke, Kanury V.S Rao
Immunity·2000·170 citations
No abstract available
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View paper →Petit guide de survie en pays fasciste - Jeanne
Jeanne
Substack·2025
Comment lutter contre le fascisme tout en préservant sa santé mentale en trois étapes.
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View paper →Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of antibody evolution during the immune response to hapten
Takuma Sagawa, Masayuki Oda, Miyuki Ishimura, Koji Furukawa, Takachika Azuma
Molecular Immunology·2003·57 citations
No abstract available
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