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Health and well-being after spousal loss among older men and women
Kenjiro Kawaguchi, Atsushi Nakagomi, Kazushige Ide, Kokoro Shirai, Chie Koga, Yu-Ru Chen, Katsunori Kondo, Koichiro Shiba
Journal of Affective Disorders·2026
Background and objectives
Spousal bereavement affects health and well-being, but gender differences and temporal patterns remain unclear. We examined associations between spousal loss and various outcomes by gender over time.
Research design and methods
This longitudinal study used three-wave data (2013, 2016, 2019) from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide cohort of independent adults aged ≥65 (n = 25,957; 34,252). For those married in 2013, spousal bereavement was assessed in 2016 and categorized into no bereavement, bereavement between 2015 and 2016, and bereavement between 2013 and 2015. We employed an outcome-wide approach to examine 37 outcomes across seven domains: physical and cognitive health, mental health, subjective well-being, social well-being, prosocial and altruistic behaviors, health behaviors, and cognitive social capital. Logistic, modified Poisson, and linear regression were performed with Bonferroni correction.
Results
Spousal loss was associated with higher risks of mortality and dementia among men, with weaker or no associations among women. Widowed men experienced increased depressive symptoms and hopelessness and decreased happiness during the first year, which diminished over time. Conversely, widowed women showed no increase in depressive symptoms and reported increased happiness and life satisfaction later. Both genders reported increased social participation; however, only men experienced reduced social support. Men also showed higher alcohol consumption, whereas women were more likely to attend health screening but became more sedentary.
Discussion and Implications
Men showed greater vulnerability to adverse outcomes, whereas women demonstrated resilience. These results highlight the necessity for gender-specific policy interventions to support recovery and adaptation among widowed older adults.
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View paper →Writing the Goddess, Writing the Woman: Kali and the Politics of the Female Body
Aasiya Altaf
Substack·2026
"As Kali’s devouring, violent energy was domesticated in nationalist and colonial discourse, the radical potential of female power was symbolically acknowledged yet materially constrained."
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View paper →Perceived Antisemitism and Mental Health in Jewish Mothers and Their Children
Shira R. Mattuck, David J. Francis, Elena L. Grigorenko
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology·2026
Despite evidence indicating that antisemitism is a significant and growing form of discrimination, there is a dearth of research on the impact of antisemitism on mental health in Jewish populations. This article presents findings from the first known quantitative study on perceived antisemitism and mental health in Jewish women and their children. Specifically, we investigate the relationship between perceived discrimination and, primarily, externalizing, and, secondarily, internalizing symptoms mediated by both parental psychopathology and negative parenting behaviors. A total of
228 Jewish mothers (Mage = 36.79, SD = 5.18) residing in the United States participated in
this study and answered questions about a single preschool-age child (2-5 years; Mage =
3.90, SD = 1.01, female = 113). We observed significant positive associations between
maternal perceived antisemitism (MPA) and both maternal and child psychopathology.
Using structural equation modeling, we established that maternal psychopathology significantly mediated the relationship between MPA and children's total externalizing and internalizing symptoms but not callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Parenting behaviors were found to significantly mediate the relationship between MA and CU traits. This study also included an initial evaluation of several novel assessments of perceived antisemitism. According to these assessments, more than 78% of participants reported having felt unsafe to be identifiably Jewish in public settings for fear of physical harassment, highlighting the pervasiveness of reported perceptions of antisemitic experiences. The findings underscore the need for further research on antisemitism and mental health outcomes in Jewish communities in the diaspora, particularly among children.
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