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Control of inflammatory pain by chemokine-mediated recruitment of opioid-containing polymorphonuclear cells

Alexander Brack, Heike L. Rittner, Halina Machelska, Kerstin Leder, Shaaban A. Mousa, Michael Schäfer, Christoph Stein

Pain·2004·106 citations

Abstract Opioid-containing leukocytes can counteract inflammatory hyperalgesia. Under stress or after local injection of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), opioid peptides are released from leukocytes, bind to opioid receptors on peripheral sensory neurons and mediate antinociception. Since polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) are the predominant opioid-containing leukocyte subpopulation in early inflammation, we hypothesized that PMN and their recruitment by chemokines are important for peripheral opioid-mediated antinociception at this stage. Rats were intraplantarly injected with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA, leukocyte subpopulations, chemokine receptor (CXCR2) expression on opioid-containing leukocytes and the CXCR2 ligands keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-2 (CINC-2) were quantified. Paw pressure threshold (PPT) was determined before and after intraplantar and subcutaneous injection of CRF with or without naloxone. PMN depletion was achieved by intravenous injection of an antiserum. Chemokines were blocked by intraplantar injection of anti-MIP-2 and/or anti-KC antiserum. We found that at 2 h post CFA (i) intraplantar but not subcutaneous injection of CRF produced dose-dependent and naloxone-reversible antinociception (P0.05, ANOVA). In summary, in early inflammation peripheral opioid-mediated antinociception is critically dependent on PMN and their recruitment by CXCR2 chemokines.

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M-estimation of linear models with dependent errors

Wei Biao Wu

arXiv·2004

We study asymptotic properties of $M$-estimates of regression parameters in linear models in which errors are dependent. Weak and strong Bahadur representations of the $M$-estimates are derived and a central limit theorem is established. The results are applied to linear models with errors being short-range dependent linear processes, heavy-tailed linear processes and some widely used nonlinear time series.

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Targeting Arab/Muslim/South Asian Americans: Criminalization and Cultural Citizenship

Louise Cainkar, Sunaina Maira

Amerasia Journal·2005·76 citations

No abstract available

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The Divinity of Hellenistic Rulers

Angelos Chaniotis

A Companion to the Hellenistic World·2005·31 citations

No abstract available

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Worker Politics, Trade Unions and the Shiv Sena's Rise in Central Bombay

Juned Shaikh

Economic and Political Weekly·2005

The Shiv Sena's rise from the 1960s was assisted in large part by its ability to effectively channel emotions based on identity. It was the mill areas of central Bombay that formed the battleground for different political parties as they fought for representation of the class that had played a key role in shaping the city's destiny. Whereas the actions of the left parties were limited to the workplace, the Sena, through its shakhas, ensconced itself in the neighbourhood and rather than radical worker concerns took up emotive issues relating to livelihood and identity that played up the image of the deprived Maharashtrian.

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The Changing Place of Cultural Production: The Location of Social Networks in a Digital Media Industry

Gina Neff

The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science·2005·78 citations

This article examines the role of place and placemaking within cultural industries in the digital era. The data for this article are drawn from a data set of attendance at more than nine hundred social networking events over a six-year period in New York City’s Internet, or “new media,” industry. These data confirm that place became more,not less,important to cultural production over this period. Networking, or the processes of the formation of social network ties, is concentrated in activities within narrow geographic clusters. This study suggests that the networking events within the industry—cocktail parties, seminars, ceremonies, and the like—mediate access to crucial resources within the industry.

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Spanish nationalism: Ethnic or civic?

DIEGO MURO, ALEJANDRO QUIROGA

Ethnicities·2005

In recent years, it has been a common complaint among scholars to acknowledge the lack of research on Spanish nationalism. This article addresses the gap by giving an historical overview of 'ethnic' and 'civic' Spanish nationalist discourses during the last two centuries. It is argued here that Spanish nationalism is not a unified ideology but it has, at least, two varieties. During the 19th-century, both a 'liberal' and a 'conservative-traditionalist' nationalist discourse were formulated and these competed against each other for hegemony within the Spanish market of ideas. In the 20th-century, these two discourses continued to be present and became backbones of different political regimes. However, after the emergence of the Basque and Catalan nationalist movements, Spanish nationalists unified as a counter-force to these regional sources of identity. In fact, one can see 20th-century Spanish nationalism as a dialectical struggle between the centre and the periphery.

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Oldest Papers

Control of inflammatory pain by chemokine-mediated recruitment of opioid-containing polymorphonuclear cells

M-estimation of linear models with dependent errors

Targeting Arab/Muslim/South Asian Americans: Criminalization and Cultural Citizenship

The Divinity of Hellenistic Rulers

Hellenistic Religion

Worker Politics, Trade Unions and the Shiv Sena's Rise in Central Bombay

Clinical Studies of Olfaction

The Changing Place of Cultural Production: The Location of Social Networks in a Digital Media Industry

Spanish nationalism: Ethnic or civic?

Tiptoeing along the Apartheid Tightrope: The United States, South Africa, and the United Nations in 1952

Reassessing the Utopian Novel: Octavia Butler, Jacques Derrida, and the Impossible Future of Utopia

Experimental bullous pemphigoid generated in mice with an antigenic epitope of the human hemidesmosomal protein BP230