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Culture meets Artificial Intelligence

Kursat Ozenc

Medium·2018

6 Reflections on Stanford’s Culturally Relevant AI Summit This past October, we attended the Culturally Relevant AI Summit at Stanford, organized by Media X. The day comprised intriguing lightning talks and discussions. Here’re our six reflections from the AI meets Culture.

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Challenges posed by climate hazards to cardiovascular health and cardiac intensive care: implications for mitigation and adaptation

Thomas Münzel, Haitham Khraishah, Alexandra Schneider, Jos Lelieveld, Andreas Daiber, Sanjay Rajagopalan

Routledge Library Editions: Epistemology·2018

Global warming, driven by increased greenhouse gas emissions, has led to unprecedented extreme weather events, contributing to higher morbidity and mortality rates from a variety of health conditions, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). The disruption of multiple planetary boundaries has increased the probability of connected, cascading, and catastrophic disasters with magnified health impacts on vulnerable populations. While the impact of climate change can be manifold, non-optimal air temperatures (NOTs) pose significant health risks from cardiovascular events. Vulnerable populations, especially those with pre-existing CVD, face increased risks of acute cardiovascular events during NOT. Factors such as age, socio-economic status, minority populations, and environmental conditions (especially air pollution) amplify these risks. With rising global surface temperatures, the frequency and intensity of heatwaves and cold spells are expected to increase, emphasizing the need to address their health impacts. The World Health Organization recommends implementing heat–health action plans, which include early warning systems, public education on recognizing heat-related symptoms, and guidelines for adjusting medications during heatwaves. Additionally, intensive care units must be prepared to handle increased patient loads and the specific challenges posed by extreme heat. Comprehensive and proactive adaptation and mitigation strategies with health as a primary consideration and measures to enhance resilience are essential to protect vulnerable populations and reduce the health burden associated with NOTs. The current educational review will explore the impact on cardiovascular events, future health projections, pathophysiology, drug interactions, and intensive care challenges and recommend actions for effective patient care.

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Essential Essays, Volume 2

Stuart Hall

2018·3 citations

No abstract available

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The carbon footprint of treating patients with septic shock in the intensive care unit

Forbes McGain, Departments of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Western Health, Melbourne, Vic, Australia., Planetary Health Platform, School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia., Jason P Burnham, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA., Ron Lau, Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia., Lu Aye, School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia., Marin H Kollef, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA., Scott McAlister, Eco Quantum Life Cycle Consultants, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.

Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine·2018

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6602529/

★ 5.0 (1)

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Higher education: A luxury good brand model

Alan P. Duesterhaus

Journal of Brand Strategy·2018·1 citations

External economic pressure continues to challenge institutions of higher education. The ability for institutions to navigate this pressure successfully is reliant on a sustainable business model. This paper extends luxury goods research to include the market for higher education through the application of luxury goods attributes such as pricing, scarcity, conspicuous consumption and context. A brand model for the study of higher education as a luxury good is proposed and operationalised in the context of an American higher education institution Implications for higher education institutions, administrators and society are discussed.

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The settler colonialism of social work and the social work of settler colonialism

Craig Fortier, Edward Hon-Sing Wong

Settler Colonial Studies·2018·51 citations

The consolidation of the social work profession in Canada was critical to the settler colonial project. Parallel to the rise of the modern police force, the accounting bureaucracy, and the colonial legal apparatus, the social work profession is a foundational component to the creation, expansion, and adaptation of the settler state. Through a historical review of the origins of social work and its professionalization in Canada, this paper argues that contemporary social work and social service provision remain circumscribed by the logics of conquest, extraction, apprehension, management, and pacification that advance the settler project and seek to secure settler futurity. Given the incommensurabilities between social work practice and Indigenous processes of decolonization this paper explores potential pathways towards unsettling social work practice including disrupting dehistoricization (working towards the repatriation of Indigenous lands, children, and cultural traditions and the upholding of Indigenous sovereignty); working towards deinstitutionalization (challenging the institutionalization of service provision and refocusing on mutual aid, treaty responsibilities, and settler complicity; and promoting deprofessionalization (the restructuring of the ‘helping’ practices of social work back under the control of communities themselves.

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Seeing in the dark with recurrent convolutional neural networks

Till S. Hartmann

arXiv·2018

Classical convolutional neural networks (cCNNs) are very good at categorizing objects in images. But, unlike human vision which is relatively robust to noise in images, the performance of cCNNs declines quickly as image quality worsens. Here we propose to use recurrent connections within the convolutional layers to make networks robust against pixel noise such as could arise from imaging at low light levels, and thereby significantly increase their performance when tested with simulated noisy video sequences. We show that cCNNs classify images with high signal to noise ratios (SNRs) well, but are easily outperformed when tested with low SNR images (high noise levels) by convolutional neural networks that have recurrency added to convolutional layers, henceforth referred to as gruCNNs. Addition of Bayes-optimal temporal integration to allow the cCNN to integrate multiple image frames still does not match gruCNN performance. Additionally, we show that at low SNRs, the probabilities predicted by the gruCNN (after calibration) have higher confidence than those predicted by the cCNN. We propose to consider recurrent connections in the early stages of neural networks as a solution to computer vision under imperfect lighting conditions and noisy environments; challenges faced during real-time video streams of autonomous driving at night, during rain or snow, and other non-ideal situations.

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States before relations: On misrecognition and the bifurcated regime of sovereignty

Minda Holm, Ole Jacob Sending

Review of International Studies·2018·15 citations

AbstractThe symbolic structure of the international system, organised around sovereignty, is sustained by an institutional infrastructure that shapes how states seek sovereign agency. We investigate how the modern legal category of the state is an institutional expression of the idea of the state as a liberal person, dependent on a one-off recognition in establishing the sovereign state. We then discuss how this institutional rule coexists with the ongoing frustrated search for recognition in terms of sociopolitical registers. While the first set of rules establishes a protective shield against others, regardless of behaviour, the second set of rules specify rules for behaviour of statehood, which produces a distinct form of misrecognition. States are, at one level, already recognised as sovereign and are granted rights akin to individuals in liberal thought, and yet they are continually misrecognised in their quest to actualise the sovereign agency they associate with statehood. We draw on examples from two contemporary phenomena – fragile states, and assertions of non-interference and sovereignty from the populist right and non-Western great powers, to discuss the misrecognition processes embedded in the bifurcated symbolic structure of sovereignty, and its implications for debates about hierarchy and sovereignty in world affairs.

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Newest Papers

Culture meets Artificial Intelligence

Challenges posed by climate hazards to cardiovascular health and cardiac intensive care: implications for mitigation and adaptation

Essential Essays, Volume 2

The carbon footprint of treating patients with septic shock in the intensive care unit

Higher education: A luxury good brand model

Evolution of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in the Clinical Context

The settler colonialism of social work and the social work of settler colonialism

Seeing in the dark with recurrent convolutional neural networks

Pioneers, leaders and followers in multilevel and polycentric climate governance

States before relations: On misrecognition and the bifurcated regime of sovereignty

Knowledge Management, Diversity, and Professional Hierarchies in Libraries

The Internet Needs More Friction