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Sensitivity Analysis in Observational Research: Introducing the E-Value

Tyler J. VanderWeele, Peng Ding

Annals of Internal Medicine·2017·4647 citations

No abstract available

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Low-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. 1. Evidence from genetic, epidemiologic, and clinical studies. A consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel

Brian A. Ference, Henry N. Ginsberg, Ian Graham, Kausik K. Ray, Chris J. Packard, Eric Bruckert, Robert A. Hegele, Ronald M. Krauss, Frederick J. Raal, Heribert Schunkert, Gerald F. Watts, Jan Borén, Sergio Fazio, Jay D. Horton, Luis Masana, Stephen J. Nicholls, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Bart van de Sluis, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Lale Tokgözoğlu, Ulf Landmesser, Ulrich Laufs, Olov Wiklund, Jane K. Stock, M. John Chapman, Alberico L. Catapano

European Heart Journal·2017·3111 citations

No abstract available

★ 1.0 (1)

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The Museums of Egypt Speak for Whom?

Mohamed Gamal Rashed

CIPEG Journal: Ancient Egyptian & Sudanese Collections and Museums·2017

https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/cipeg/article/view/40324

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Six Ways of Looking at Crip Time

Ellen Samuels

Disability Studies Quarterly·2017·379 citations

In this creative nonfiction essay, the author reflects on how 'crip time' has operated in their life, not only as a form of liberation, but also as a site of loss and alienation.

★ 5.0 (2)

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Will Mayaro virus be responsible for the next outbreak of an arthropod-borne virus in Brazil?

Danillo Lucas Alves Esposito, Benedito Antonio Lopes da Fonseca

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases·2017·88 citations

No abstract available

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Self-Care: An Act of Political Warfare or a Neoliberal Trap?

Inna Michaeli

Development·2017·43 citations

No abstract available

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THE CHALLENGES OF THE ANTHROPOCENE: FROM INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS TO GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

MATÍAS FRANCHINI, EDUARDO VIOLA, ANA FLÁVIA BARROS-PLATIAU

Ambiente & Sociedade·2017·22 citations

This article proposes a reflection on the challenges of global environmental policy in the Anthropocene. Firstly, the inconsistency between the institutions of international environmental policy and the progressive degradation of the planetary boundaries is highlighted. Secondly, it is stated that, since the transition to Anthropocene requires the conscious construction of a new space of safe operation for humanity, it is necessary to radically modify the institutional structure of cooperation, based on international regimes: the transition from environmental politics to global governance. The fundamental milestone of this path is the overcoming of the international system of conservative hegemony, that is, the abandonment of the sovereignist tendencies - egotistical and short-term - on the part of its actors, particularly the great powers. Finally, a series of premises for the governance of the Anthropocene is proposed from the point of view of International Relations, with the post-sovereign transition as the main pillar.

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Evolution of flexibility and rigidity in retaliatory punishment

Adam Morris, James MacGlashan, Michael L. Littman, Fiery Cushman

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·2017·13 citations

Natural selection designs some social behaviors to depend on flexible learning processes, whereas others are relatively rigid or reflexive. What determines the balance between these two approaches? We offer a detailed case study in the context of a two-player game with antisocial behavior and retaliatory punishment. We show that each player in this game—a “thief” and a “victim”—must balance two competing strategic interests. Flexibility is valuable because it allows adaptive differentiation in the face of diverse opponents. However, it is also risky because, in competitive games, it can produce systematically suboptimal behaviors. Using a combination of evolutionary analysis, reinforcement learning simulations, and behavioral experimentation, we show that the resolution to this tension—and the adaptation of social behavior in this game—hinges on the game’s learning dynamics. Our findings clarify punishment’s adaptive basis, offer a case study of the evolution of social preferences, and highlight an important connection between natural selection and learning in the resolution of social conflicts.

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Incorrigibility in the CIRL Framework

Ryan Carey

arXiv·2017

A value learning system has incentives to follow shutdown instructions, assuming the shutdown instruction provides information (in the technical sense) about which actions lead to valuable outcomes. However, this assumption is not robust to model mis-specification (e.g., in the case of programmer errors). We demonstrate this by presenting some Supervised POMDP scenarios in which errors in the parameterized reward function remove the incentive to follow shutdown commands. These difficulties parallel those discussed by Soares et al. (2015) in their paper on corrigibility. We argue that it is important to consider systems that follow shutdown commands under some weaker set of assumptions (e.g., that one small verified module is correctly implemented; as opposed to an entire prior probability distribution and/or parameterized reward function). We discuss some difficulties with simple ways to attempt to attain these sorts of guarantees in a value learning framework.

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Citizens and Suspects: Race, Gender, and the making of American Muslim citizenship

Su'ad Abdul Khabeer

Transforming Anthropology·2017·14 citations

Working at the intersection of anthropological engagements with cultural citizenship and interdisciplinary scholarship on the racialization of Muslims in the United States, I examine the making and unmaking of American Muslims as both citizens and suspects. Based on my ethnographic research with young Chicago Muslims, I argue that state surveillance and multiculturalism shape U.S. Muslim claims to citizenship as rights and belonging. I chart racialization across different domains to argue that the fetish of Muslim body and behavior can actually render Muslim identity both legible and illegible. It is instances of legibility and illegibility, I argue, that illuminate how race and gender coproduce differential experiences of suspicion for American Muslims, and also different beliefs in the very possibility of, and thus desire for, citizenship. Ultimately, I contend that the experience of the American Muslim indexes the centrality of both race and gender to citizenship in the United States.

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Oldest Papers

Sensitivity Analysis in Observational Research: Introducing the E-Value

Low-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. 1. Evidence from genetic, epidemiologic, and clinical studies. A consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel

The Museums of Egypt Speak for Whom?

Six Ways of Looking at Crip Time

Will Mayaro virus be responsible for the next outbreak of an arthropod-borne virus in Brazil?

Self-Care: An Act of Political Warfare or a Neoliberal Trap?

THE CHALLENGES OF THE ANTHROPOCENE: FROM INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS TO GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

Now is the Time for a Postracial Medicine: Biomedical Research, the National Institutes of Health, and the Perpetuation of Scientific Racism

Evolution of flexibility and rigidity in retaliatory punishment

Incorrigibility in the CIRL Framework

Remission of Psychosis in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia following Bone Marrow Transplantation: A Case Report

Citizens and Suspects: Race, Gender, and the making of American Muslim citizenship